How is a feeling of suspense created in the station scene, from the film ‘The Untouchables’

In this essay I will analyze the railway scene in the film ‘The Untouchables'. I will mainly concentrate on the creation of suspense; I will be looking at the three things that directors use to create different types of atmosphere. These three things are camera angles and movement, the use of sound and lighting and to what extent they contribute. This scene is supposed to be a tense ending to the violence, the final shoot out to try and get Al Capone put in prison. The audience would probably be quite confused and wondering who is who and why each thing is happening. This confusion adds to the tension. The scene (and film) is set in Chicago during the 1930's. In the 1930's America was under prohibition, prohibition meant that it was illegal to sell, make or transport alcohol. Although this rule was made there was still a lot of money to be made with alcohol through bootlegging. Bootlegging was illegally selling alcohol, almost everyone knew about bootlegging and where to buy alcohol. Obviously the alcohol was sold at a higher price then it would be usually, much much higher, this meant that the consumer still had to spend a lot of money for it, which detracted from the original point of prohibition which was to stop people spending money on alcohol as the countries economy was collapsing as shares were worth nothing. In Chicago during this time, not unlike other cities around America there were many rival gangs, which ran Chicago, the most important gang leader was Al Capone. He was the richest man for miles and reportedly earned i170,000,000 a year! Which in those days especially was astronomical. He is the gangster that Elliot Ness a federal agent, George Stone a trainee policeman, James Malone a veteran policeman, and Oscar Wallace an accountant, are out to stop. By the time of this scene, only Ness And Stone are left living and have vowed to catch Al Capone. But they cannot prove anything about him that would send him to jail although he is a known gangster, there is nothing concrete until they found out that he hadn't been paying his income taxes and his bookkeeper could prove it. His bookkeeper was about to be taken away by train maybe incase he was bribed or threatened and put Capone in trouble. Ness And Stone's last chance to catch Capone is to get the bookkeeper, alive. First I am going to go through the main narrative points of the scene: > Ness and Stone enter the station; Ness takes his place on the upper floor, where he can see the entrance at eye level, and the stairs and some of the platform below him. Stone goes round the corner to cover a place where Ness instructs him. > A lot of people enter the station; there are a few suspicious looking people that could be a gangster who is part of Al Capone's gang or the bookkeeper himself. Ness keeps an eye on all of them. > A woman is coming up from the platform but is struggling with her cases and the pram. She cant get them up the stairs easily, Ness keeps looking between her and the possible suspects, eventually he leaves his vantage point and goes down the stairs to help the woman. All the suspects by now have been cleared off suspicion by (for example) going off with their wives or not staying on the platform. > Ness pulls the pram up the stairs, the woman thanks him continuously, while he pulls the pram up Ness looks out for gangsters. Ness has had his eye on some people who may be gangsters, as he reaches the top of the stairs he looks behind him and sees a man he recognizes, the man has a broken nose that is strapped up. > Ness pulls a shotgun out of his jacket and shoots the man – killing him. The pram gets knocked by Ness and starts to roll down the stairs. Other men who are standing on the stairs reach into their jackets and pull out guns, Ness shoots another in the shoulder, and kills another, one gangster shoots up at him from the bottom of stairs and takes cover behind a pillar. The pram continues to fall down the stairs; the man who got shot in the shoulder shoots wildly and hits the pram. Two Sailors run up the stairs form the platform and get shot as they run in front of the pram. > Stone comes running across the bottom of the stairs, throws Ness a new gun as Ness's had run out of bullets, kills the man behind the pillar slides across the floor, stops the pram falling and aims his gun at the last remaining gangster (the one who got shot in the shoulder) who is holding his gun against the bookkeeper's head. > Ness demands that the gangster lets the bookkeeper go and no one gets hurt. The gangster who is very agitated shouts that him and the bookkeeper are leaving and if anyone moves he will shoot the bookkeeper and then they have nothing against Capone. The bookkeeper nervously says he will tell them all they want to know. There is more arguing until Ness signals to Stone and Stone shoots the gangster in the head, the gangster slumps to the floor and the bookkeeper scared witless remains unharmed. I am now going to talk about the use of different camera angles and camera movement and how they are used and why. The most commonly used camera angle was a high angle shot. The majority of these would have been Ness's view from the overhang looking down on the stairs and the platform. This angle would have been by the director, Brian De Palma used to draw the audience into the position of Ness making it more real for them as if they were there, therefore raising the suspense as they feel part of the scene. However a lot of low angle shots are also used, many of these are looking up at Ness, this may the audience think there is someone possibly a gangster looking up at Ness from below this would also raise suspense. The angle would also have been used to show Ness's facial expressions and where he is looking. Occasionally there were close ups of Ness to really show his facial expressions and bring the audience as close as possible to him and how he is feeling, this would add the suspense as again they feel attached to the scene like they are there. These camera angles from Ness's perspective and looking at him happen while he is standing on the overhang when he moves down the stairs to help the baby and then gets involved in the shootout, there are different camera angles focusing on him although there are more close ups after he leaves the overhang. While Ness helps the woman with the pram most of the camera angles are low ones looking up at him as he climbs the stairs and some down at him and past him to show what he is doing and what is going on below him on the platform. The high angle shots that look down at him and past him are most effective at creating suspense because they show Ness's nervousness and at any moment a gangster could appear below him while he is unaware. While the shootout is happening there are various Close up shots. This is to show the expressions of the combatants and how they are being affected by the shootout. This is very tense as there is a lot of anxiousness and fear on the faces of everyone as they are fighting for their lives. This is particularly the case when there is a close up of the woman diving to save her baby from falling down the stairs as you can see all of her face close up and you can se the fear written on it even though there is no sound at that point. There are also a lot of long shots and two shots to display the action and what is going on at eye level so it is straight in front of you, this makes you as the audience feel very involved in the action as your eye level is with the action you are not looking down on or up at it, as it is in front of your face, and as the action is very dangerous it adds greatly to the suspense in the scene. At the start of the scene the clock was repeatedly shown, this repetitive image added to the suspense greatly as it showed clearly that time is running out for Ness as months of work depend on the next few moments. As the clock is repeatedly shown this fact is driven into us, raising suspense as we wait to see if Ness will get his man in time. Next I will look at lighting and what areas are lit and why. The scene is set quite late at night at 10 O Clock, so the lighting would be artificial from the lights in the station which the director would have strategically shone them in different areas for different reasons, which I will talk about now. Very light areas of the scene were the stairs and the entryway, this is because the majority of the action happened there and it was the focus of where Ness was looking at. The platform area is also quite well lit, as it is another area Ness was constantly looking for gangsters in. Dark areas of the scene were Stone was as not much happened there and he was meant to be hidden from sight. The prams was very well lit during the scene as it is meant to signify innocence and the pram protecting the baby, giving it safety, and in the dark things are generally more uneasy and unsafe especially for young children so the light is to signify it is protected. Sometimes the camera swung/panned around the scene for example in the shootout, this gave us as the audience a chance to survey what is going on from and move as if we are moving in the scene to look what is going on, like if we cant quite see something we would move to see it, the camera moving us gives us that feeling. As we feel like we are there yet again this creates more suspense for us as an audience. Next I am going to talk about sound, and how dialogue. Sound effects, ambient sound and non-digetic sounds are used and why they are used. First I will explain what each sound is: > Dialogue – Words spoken on screen by characters. Dialogue is used to develop characters, the plot and display natural communication. > Sound effects – Non-verbal sounds from an action. Sound effects are used to reinforce an action and too add realism. For example if someone closed a door and you couldn't hear it close, it would sound fake, and ruin the effect. > Ambient sounds – realistic background sound, which may not be on screen. Ambient sounds are also used to reinforce realism for example if the scene is in a field and no wind is heard, or birds calling it would seem fake, similar to sound effects but the effect may not be on screen, e. g. a bird calling, the bird may not be on screen. > Non-digetic sounds – Not part of the scene. Non digetic sounds are things like music or voice overs, they are used to create or reinforce a mood or can intensify a situation, for example eerie music could be used in a haunted house, getting eerier as things get tenser. This reinforces the atmosphere being created off screen. All the different four sound types are used in the scene. The most commonly used sound was non-digetic. Almost throughout the scene there was music playing. It changed as the scene changed, for example at the end of the scene just after the final gangster was killed there were piano and violins playing together, they played in such a way that a mysterious feeling was given. Then when we realized the gangster was dead and the bookkeeper survived the tense music ended with a long note, which eased the tension. This is a prime example of music (non digetic sound) enforcing the atmosphere that is created on stage. Another widely used ambient sound was the tannoy announcer; altogether he spoke 4 times in the space of a few minutes. He was announcing that the train would be leaving in a few minutes, all board and last call, this also drummed into us as the audience that time was running out therefore creating suspense – similarly to the clock. Sound effects were not used to much important in my view they were just used to reinforce actions like the footsteps on the stairs. However when the pram was going up the steps it made a very loud crashing sound, louder then it would naturally, this created suspense. Ambient sounds similarly to sound effects only were occasionally used to reinforce the fact the scene is in a train station, with the odd sound adding to the realism, like the train steaming out of the train off camera occasionally, this added to the suspense as it made the scene more realistic and made us as the audience feel as if we were there. There wasn't much dialogue in the scene; most of it was just basic the only important dialogue was at the very end between ness, the gangster and the bookkeeper when they were arguing over the fate of the bookkeeper. This was very important as the gangster and Ness were trying to play mind games with each other through words. Words are the clearest form of communication and in this instance, you could obviously see through the expression in the voices that Ness was in control and the gangster was wavering and unsure what to do, and in the end was killed. This added to the suspense as the camera angles were close to them and the speech was loud as if we as the audience were there and witnessing it. In conclusion I would say that the factor that contributed most to the suspense was the sound as it was the clearest factor of all, and is the most blatant. For example if there is music playing that is of a tense nature it is obvious something tense is going on and it adds to the tension. When the pram like music was playing it added to the realism, as there was a pram there. It also gave the audience a false sense of security, as it is nice happy carefree music in a sinister important ten minutes in Chicago. It also it spookily scary, as when the pram is stopped from crashing by stone the music starts up and there are lots of dead bodies and blood everywhere and a fierce confrontation between Ness and the gangster is about to start and the music starts to play. Camera angles added to the tension and suspense more then the lighting, though it was more subtle then the sound as only when you reflect on the scene in depth like I have done you realize it has done anything, during the scene you don't even realize what the camera angles are doing. There is only a certain amount of suspense that you can create with a camera angle as just because you are looking at something in a certain way it doesn't mean something will happen. Lighting was the least important factor as the entire scene had to be quite lit as it is a well it area in a train station, and just because something is in shadow doesn't mean it is hidden and secretive. Again it is a more subtle use of suspense and one that I think doesn't add to the suspense much if at all. Generally I would say that suspense was created very well using lighting, sound and camera angles. It could perhaps been improved by a greater use of lighting to display shadows and hidden areas, though it would have been hard to do so in a station.

Crime Scene Essay

In an organized step by step approach â€Å"Scene Documentation† is one of the stages in the proper processing of a crime scene. The final results of a properly documented crime scene are the ability of others to take the finished product to use in either reconstructing the scene or the chain of events in an incident and our court room presentation. In documenting the scene there are actually three functions or methods used to properly document the crime scene. Those methods consist of written notes which will ultimately be used in constructing a final report, crime scene photographs, and a diagram or sketch. Consistency between each of these functions is paramount. Each method is important in the process of properly documenting the crime scene. The notes and reports should be done in a chronological order and should include no opinions, no analysis, or any conclusions; just the facts. The crime scene investigator or evidence recovery technician should document what they see, not what they think. The final report should tell a descriptive and factual story. A general description of the crime scene should be given just as the investigator sees it when she does the initial walk through of the scene. Each department or agency has a method which they use will for written documentation of the crime scene. There investigator or technician should follow her departments assigned procedures for written documentation. The importance of sharing information can never be over-looked. This article is intended to share ideas in the area of uniform documentation as an example of the format that is used by my department. We use a narrative section of the report divided it into five categories. The categories are the summary, the scene including a detailed body description if in a death investigation, processing, and evidence collected, and the pending that may be collected at another date or time. The summary would to basically give the details of how he was initiated into the investigation. For an example: â€Å"At the request of Robbery Detective H. Granier, this writer was requested to respond to assist in processing the scene of an armed robbery involving 4 unknown masked subjects. Detective H. Granier’s preliminary investigation revealed that the subjects startled the victim as she returned home from shopping†. For further details of this investigation refer to Detective H. Granier. Our summary is brief and does not include a lot of the said information  (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/unavailable/) The investigator in charge should obtain the following for the crime scene case file: 1. Initial responding officer documentation. 2. Emergency medical personnel documents. 3. Entry and exit documentation. 4. Photographs and any videos. 5. Crime scene sketches and diagrams. 6. Evidence documentation. 7. Other responders’ documentation. 8. Record of consent form or search warrant. 9. Criminal background check Reports such as forensic or technical reports should be added to this file when they become available. This will ensure that reports and other documentation pertaining to the crime scene investigation are compiled into a case file by the investigator in charge of the crime scene and allow for independent review of the work conducted. In the scene section of the narrative we should give a detailed description of the scene as it is seen when we approach the area. The scene description usually includes anything that is unusual and out of place. Any weather or environment conditions are also included. Again this is a description of what we see, not what we think. The evidence that should observe is: its location, the condition, or anything about the item will be included in our scene description section. This would also correspond to any identification markers used to number or label the items of evidence. These remarks would all be consistent with any numbers, letters, or labels indicated in the photographs, or drawn into a sketch of the scene (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/unavailable/). The processing section is for our units to describe what we did, if assistance was needed during the processing stages, who we had assisting, and what functions they did. The evidence collection section is to organize what evidence we and others assisting were able to recover from the crime scene, where the items were recovered from, and what part of the lab the items were  directed to for analysis. Criminal History A Criminal History Summary often referred to as a criminal history record or a â€Å"rap sheet† is a listing of certain information taken from fingerprint submissions retained by the FBI in connection with arrests and, in some instances, federal employment, naturalization, or military service. If no Criminal History Summary on file, the investigator will receive a response indicating that the person has no prior arrest data on file. If the person does have a criminal history Summary on file, you will receive your summary†. Pending Section The pending section would be for any known tasks that would need to be completed at a later date or time in the investigation. What is turned in to the Department? 1. A written report 2. Crime scene photographs 3. Crime scene sketch Crime Scene Example Final Report: Initial Information: Victim Name: Incident Address: Incident Date: Incident Time: Offense Report Date: Victim Information: Victim Name: Victim Address: Height: Weight: Eye Color: Hair Color: Scars: Tattoos: Other: NCIC #: Medical Examiner/Medical Summary: Medical Examiner/Agency: Injuries: Cause of Death: Manner of Death: Crime Scene Summary: Write a narrative about the crime scene. This is a summary of what you observed at the scene. You do not make hypothesis or draw conclusions. Evidence Log Summary: Evidence Number: Description Note: Attach Completed Evidence Collection Log to the end of this report. Image Inventory: Image Number Description Conclusions: Draw conclusions based on the evidence gathered. Be as complete as possible. Note: This list is limited to crime scene documentation. This should not be considered a comprehensive list of the documents involved in an investigative case file In conclusion, the final results of a properly documented crime scene are the ability of others to take the finished product to use in either reconstructing the scene or the chain of events in an incident and our court room presentation.

Is Management an Art or Science? Essay

Management is a set of activities (including planning and decision making, organizing, leading, and controlling) directed at an organization’s resources (human, financial, physical, and information) with the aim of achieving organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner. A manager is someone whose primary responsibility is to carry out the management process within an organization. The effective practice of management requires a synthesis of science and art; that is, a blend of rational objectivity and intuitive insight. Good management is a mixture of art and science. Managing is working with and through other people to accomplish the objectives of both the organizations and its members. Management is both art and science. It is the art of making people more effective than they would have been without you. The science is in how you do that. There are four basic pillars, plan, organize, direct, and monitor. Most managers attain their skills and positions through a combination of education and experience. Management is science but whenever and wherever one is dealing with human beings one can not expect same behavior, reaction or same outcome in a given situation, therefore the science of management is to be applied and utilized in most artful manner to achieve best results. It can be said with fair amount of certainty that a good manager is the one, who is also a good public relation man and does apply the science of management in a fashion whereby giving human factor prime importance. It is proven that a manager’s job is naturally multifarious, a reasonable question relates to whether management is a science or an art. In fact, effective management is a blend of both science and art. And successful executives recognize the importance of combining both the science and the art of management as they practice their craft. Many management problems and issues can be approached in ways that are rational, logical, objective, and systematic. Managers can gather data, facts, and objective information. They can use quantitative models and decision-making techniques to arrive at correct decisions. And they need to take such a scientific approach to solving problems whenever possible,  especially when they are dealing with relative routine and straightforward issues. Technical and diagnostic skills are especially important when practicing the science of management. All said and done still science of management is not the kind of science where you mix two parts of Hydrogen and one part Oxygen and you get water, but it is the kind of science where you adapt and adjust management techniques according to circumstances and different scenarios. Even though managers may try to be scientific as much as possible, they must often make decisions and solve problems on the basis of intuition, experience, instinct, personal insights and on compassionate grounds. Relying heavily on conceptual and interpersonal skills for example, a manager may have to decide between multiple courses of action that look equally attractive. Solving unusual and non-routine problems almost certainly requires an element of intuition, emotions and personal insight. Although science of management provides valuable information on how to manage human resources effectively to get optimal results but still it is not possible to, or can be counter productive, if the management techniques are applied without giving due consideration to different situations and varied human behaviors. In short a successful manger is the one who uses science of management in an artful manner and get best possible results.

Postmodernism, Feminism and Social Science Essay

Postmodernism, Feminism and Social Science - Essay Example The essay "Postmodernism, Feminism and Social Science" states the social theories of interpretivism and feminism and how they are important for research in nursing in home care and nursing homes. Feminist is the way which helps women to know things and it gained support in the year 1980. â€Å"Women’s way of knowing† was the book which argued women have intuitive understanding. Sandra Harding explained about the contribution of feminism and increasing presence of women in the field of feminist sciences. Elsie Clew Parsons focused on gender and explained its influence on career of women. Feminist methodologies emphasizes on the idea that women have distinctive ways of knowing. There were many critiques that rejected the notion and even the methodology or reasons to be gendered. Feminists study the systematic oppression of women and the current wave of feminist thought includes the concept of empiricist principles. Nursing is primarily considered a woman’s professi on as the ideal of nurturing and caring is the essence of nursing which is associated with feminine aspect of human beings. Feminists theories believes the knowledge gained by the scientific methods is considered legitimate knowledge but, according to Hubbard, scientific knowledge may reflect the interest and outlook of producers. Feminists oppose the rigid scientific epistemology. It is necessary to have a nonsexist approach for research in feminism and the influence of social concepts on the working of female nurses in nursing homes.

Impact of the teacher PowerPoint Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Impact of the teacher - PowerPoint Presentation Example This security came in the form of learning and in one’s own growth levels as well as the aspects related with fears of speaking out in class and deep down knowing that any answer given out loud was at very least an answer to the call for courage. Most of the students were safe and secure from their own mind that ridiculed them time and again. This was the essence of her teaching that the students stayed up late at night to complete their homework because every letter that looked back at them suggested who they were and what they had done. These letters looked deceiving one’s own self just like one’s brain. These swirled with doubt and self-loathing in a constant dazzling confusion, locked in an eternal uncertainty. Mrs. Martin was able to change all that. While it was not until fourth grade that Mrs. Martin showed me that there was nothing wrong with my mind, I had been battling with dyslexia ever since. I had to re-learn how to learn and find the shrewdest of tr icks just to get by. Mrs. Martin showed me and countless other students that while we might fail to accomplish our goal in some areas, it would certainly not mean we had failed as humans. To a dyslexic patient, the world can be easily learned and absorbed in a multitude of ways, sometimes not always through the most traditional means and ways. Books on tape, lectures, hands on, and kinesthetic learning in general became the savior of my academic career. Struggling to learn how to read and write allowed me to understand alternatives as well.

Pharmaceutical Industry in United States Assignment

Pharmaceutical Industry in United States - Assignment Example The Company conducts business in virtually all countries of the world with the primary focus on products related to human health and well-being. The paper presents the financial ratio analysis of Johnson & Johnson for the past three financial years and highlights its financial outlook. The ratios presents the company’s financial outlook is strengthened and is able to manage its finances prudently. The ratio analysis shows that the company has enough liquid assets through which it can pay off its liabilities and also can finance its operation for the foreseeable future. Moreover, the company is efficient enough, as represented by the ratios, to reduce its cash operating cycle and convert its sales into money quickly. The analysis shows that it would be prudent to invest in the company as the shareholders can earn significant return through capital gain, by disposing the shares later, and also through dividend. Introduction to the Pharmaceutical Industry in United States The top of the worldwide pharmaceutical market is the US and it is expected to hit almost $345 billion in 2014. The second largest market is the Japanese market and then the European market including Germany France, and Chinese market (Market line industry guide, 2012). However, the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Wholesalers (IFPW) shows that growth rates in developed and developing markets based on their capability to recover from the economic crisis is significantly inconsistent. According to the research of Urch Publishing (2012), the global pharmaceutical industry in 2014 is expected to be worth over $1 trillion with a 5% compound annual growth rate. The pharmaceutical industry becomes more competitive. Major competitor companies Company HQ location Pharmaceutical Segment Sales Total revenue Share of pharmaceutical segment $Million $Million % Johnson & Johnson US 25,400 67,224 38% Pfizer US 51,214 58,986 87% Novartis Switzerland 32,153 56,673 57% Merck US 40,601 47,267 86% Roche Switzerland 35,200 45,500 77% Sanofi-Aventis France 39,940 42435 94% AstraZeneca UK 43,143 43,143 100% GlaxoSmithKline UK 27,758 40,722 68% Eli Lily US 19,934 22,603 88% Source: 2012 Annual Report of the companies As Table5 shows, the majority of the largest pharmaceutical companies not only focused exclusively on pharmaceutical products such as AstraZeneca and Sanofi-Aventis but also developed and manufactured other health care products. However, they still regard pharmaceutical partitions as the core of their business that offer over 50% of their incomes. However, Johnson & Johnson is an exception because its sales of pharmaceutical products are 38% of total sales. I will analyze GlaxoSmithKline firstly because it is significant competitor of AstraZeneca in the UK. GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is a science-led global healthcare corporation researches and develops a wide range of innovative products. GSK is Britain’s biggest drug maker (Hirschler, 2012). A balanced synergisti c business, with multiple growths, drivers supporting a core pharmaceutical R&D operation (2010 Annual report, p3). It has three primary areas of business including Pharmaceuticals, Vaccines and Consumer Healthcare. It has created more diversified business for past five years. Moreover, delivery of sustainable growth across portfolios is GlaxoSmithKline’s objective. It has 87 manufacturing sites and R&D centers in the UK, USA, Spain, Belgium and China. Its purpose of R&D is to improve its pipeline products safely and efficiently to produce new medicines, which deliver improved treatments that

CORPORATE FINANCE MINICASE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CORPORATE FINANCE MINICASE - Essay Example Explain what these terms mean, and briefly describe each theory. Dividend irrelevance theory refers to a theory where there is a difference between the dividends, capital gains and making of dividend policy irrelevant and which do not have an effect on the value of the firm. This theory was developed and proposed by MM however there have been a number of assumptions that have been made to prove that it is zero. In the theory MM had argues that paying out a dollar on a share would lead to reduction of the growth of earnings, dividends as the stock require to be sold to be able to make up for the capital paid in terms of dividends. The ‘bird – in - the – hand’ refers a theory where the dollar of dividends in hand is a preferred solution rather than a dollar that is retained in the business. In these cases as well the dividend policy has not effect on the firm’s value. This theory on the other hand was identified and recognised by Myron Gordon and Jon Lintner. The major argument was that the investors note a dollar of dividend to be much less riskier when in hand rather than in the retained earnings of a company. In this case the investors will regard the firm with a high payout ratio than being a less risky with a low payout ratio. The two theories oppose one another as the MM stated that the Gordon Lintner spoke of the firm’s risk to be dependent on the riskiness of its cash flows from the assets and the capital structure. However it is not how its earnings are distributed among the investors. It is essential to understand that if the dividend irrelevance theory is accurate, then it would mean that there are no consequences of the dividend payout theory. In case the bird – in – the – hand theory is correct, then the firms would have a high payout if it maximised its stock prices. If the tax preference theory is accurate, it will be noted that the firm

A Critical Analysis of the Effect of Silver versus Iodine Dressings in Essay

A Critical Analysis of the Effect of Silver versus Iodine Dressings in Chronic Wound Management - Essay Example On the other hand, Wunderlich and Orfanos (1991) observed that chronic wounds are those that do not follow the normal healing process in the sense that they may or may not show any signs of healing within a few weeks. According to Bryant and Nix (2011), acute wounds are categorized as those that are acquired through surgery, trauma and those that are attained through burning (Bryant & Nix, 2011: 23-34). The phases and time duration that is assumed for acute wounds is measurable, and this is supported by the four major phases of healing though they have been confirmed to be overlapping; hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and maturation. This material aims at investigating the effects of silver dressing and iodine dressing in chronic wound management. This will be achieved through consideration of various stages that are involved in both techniques of managing chronic wounds, comparing the stages with respect to their effectiveness of the use of the methods, and making an evidence -based argument regarding the most appropriate technique to use in managing the chronic wounds. In collection of data significant in meeting the objective of the study, secondary sources of data will be relied on, where various articles addressing the aspect of iodine dressing and silver dressing will be critically analyzed. This will significantly aid in determination of the findings of previous researchers about the effectiveness and efficiency of each individual method in addressing chronic wounds. An evidence-based conclusion will be drawn regarding the effects of silver dressing and those of iodine dressing in chronic wounds management. Chronic wounds are categorized into venous ulcers, diabetic ulcers and pressure ulcers. The venous ulcers occur mostly in the legs, and are evident to be affecting mostly the elder people. Mostly, the venous wounds are caused due to improper functioning of tiny valves in the vein, and this consequently affects the flow of

Any controversial issue of interest to explore Essay

Any controversial issue of interest to explore - Essay Example Some of the well known social media platforms include Facebook, Google+, Wikipedia, Linkedln, Twitter, Pinterest among others. The use of social media as a means of propagating information has attracted divergent views and opinions as some argue in its favour while some feel that social media is not a proper tool for sharing thoughts and other information. Those who are against the use of social media have defended their line of thought on a number of factors which include the fact that social networking reduces face-to-face interaction. The autonomy associated with the virtual world allows people to create a lot of fantasy persona or pretending to be someone else. It thus creates a means through which some people can avoid the realities of life leading to increased cases of mistrust. Someone can easily block or cut off the flow of communication from another person whom they may not share similar views and opinions. Online communication is a tool towards crippling the development of social skills and conflict resolution strategies. Negative opinions toward social media have been supported by the fact that it is a means of fraud or identity theft. The information sent on social media platform can be accessed by anyone who has interest in it even those to whom it was not intended to reach. The information is subject to different interpretations and misunderstanding (Wankel, 34). The aspect of sharing personal information puts people at risk of being defrauded as some criminals have mastered the act of stealing personal details. Hacking presents a major weakness of social media as evident by the increasing cases of accounts and profiles of people being hacked. This leads to serious misdemeanor of identity theft and the process does not need on to be very techno-savvy to be successful but just a little knowledge in technology. Sensitive information such as passwords,

Who To Love Essay Example for Free

Who To Love Essay To begin, all of these stories are similar. This paper is going to be about how they are all similar. This is going to be about all of the stories that I read. The stories that I read are â€Å"Sweet Potato Pie† by Eugenia Collier â€Å"Initiation† by Sylvian Plath, and â€Å"Lalla† by Rosamunde Pilcher. These were three great stories and all of their plots were very similar so everyone figured the plots out. Firstly, this is going to be about the short story that this class read called â€Å"Sweet Potato Pie† by Eugenia Collier. This is a great story and it is about a family that cannot afford to send all of their kids to school so they can only send one. They send this kid to school and then he goes to college. Then he turns into the most educated one out of all of them and he makes the most money. He also has to learn though that he has to love his family the same and treat them the same as always. The next short story that we read is called â€Å"Lalla† by Rosamunde Pilcher. This is a very good story about young people in love. The life lesson in this story is to always follow your heart. Lalla discovers if she follows her heart it will always lead her in the right direction. An example of this situation in this story is when Lalla goes back to Carwheel to see Godfrey again, and to be with Godfrey forever. This really explains this story because she doesn’t follow her heart the whole time until the end. To wrap it up this short story tells us all to follow our hearts and everything will be okay. Now this will be about the short story â€Å"Initiation† by Sylvian Plath. This story is about a girl that has to go through a thing called â€Å"Initiation. † This stories life lesson is to not do stuff just because other people are doing it. I think this should happen because when people are not themselves they tend to be friends with the wrong people and lose their good friends. That is an example of not doing stuff because other people are doing it. In this short story the life lesson that the class learned is to always be yourself no matter what other people are doing. Lastly, all three of these stories talked about how and who people should love. Love is a great thing and it should always be devoted towards the persons family and others that they truly love. These three stories tell us this because no matter what these people in these stories always love their family. These stories were also about how people should follow their heart. All of these people in these stories follow their heart on who they should love and their heart always takes them in the right direction. All in all these stories are all very similar. These stories all teach people to follow their heart. It also teaches people to love who they want. It is all about loving the family and always following your heart to the right people.

Konigsberg Bridge Problem

Konigsberg Bridge Problem The earliest paper on graph theory seems to be by Leonard Euler,Solutio problematic ad situs pertinentis,Commentarii Academetarii Scientiarum Imperialist Petropolitanae 8 (1736),128-140.Euler discusses whether or not it is possible to scroll around Konigsberg(later called the Pregolya exactly once. Euler gave the conditions which are necessary to permit such a stroll. Thomas Pennyngton Kirkman (1856) and Wiliam Roman Hamilton (1856) studied trips which certain sites exactly once. History of Euler paths and cycles An Eulerian path is a path in a graph which visits each edge exactly once in the theory graph .so, in the same way, an Eulerian circuit is an Eulerian path which starts and ends on the same vertex. They were first discussing by Leohard Eular while solving the famous Seven Bridges of Konigsberg problem in 1736. Mathematically the problem can be stated like this: Given the graph on the right, is it possible to construct a path (or a cycle for example, a path starting and ending on the same vertex) which visits each edge exactly once Graphs which allow the manufacture of so called Eulerian cycles are called Eulerian graphs. Euler observed that a necessary condition for the existence of Eulerian cycles is that all vertices in the graph have an even degree, and that for an Eulerian path either all, or all but two (i.e., the two endpoint) vertices have an even degree; this means the Konigsberg graph is not Eulerian. Carl Heierholzer published the first complete characterization of Eulerian graphs in 1873, by proving that in fact the Eulerian graphs are exactly the graphs which are connected and where every vertex has an even degree. Example using euler in our daily life is using in the teaching for set theory that widely use in the schools. Another example is to visualizing file system organization.it will allows files to appear in more than one directory in a computers file system. The history of the Konigsberg Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) is considered to have been the father of graph theory. His paper in 1736 on the seven bridges of Konigsberg is considered to have been the foundational paper in the subject. Konigsberg is a town, founded in 1256, that was originally in Prussia. After a stormy history, the town became part of Soviet Union and was renames Kaliningrad in 1946. In any event, during Eulers time the town had seven bridges (named Kramer, Schmiede, Holz, Hohe, Honig, Kottel, and Grunespanning) spanning the Pregel River. Figure 8.1 gives a simplified picture of how the bridges were originally configured (two of the bridges were later destroyed during World War II, and two other demolished by the Russians. History of Hamiltonian: Hamiltonian is introduced by Sir William Rowan Hamilton at 1857. He made a game called around the world and the originally in form of solid called dodecahedron. It has 20corners/for each corner, it called as town. The problem started when the travel started from one city to another city along the edge to arrive at city by only once arrived at one city. This is how the Hamiltonian is appearing. There is example of using Hamiltonian in life such as no-complete, n-cube and traveling salesman problem. Two types of Hamiltonian are Hamiltonian path and Hamiltonian cycle Introduction Path Path is the sequences of alternating vertices and edges. Which begin from a vertex and ended with a vertex. Each vertex is preceded and followed by its endpoints. Simple path Simple path is a path such that all its vertices and edges are distinct. Below is a graph that gives differences between path and simple path. Path 1: v,b,x,h,z(simple path) Path 2 : u,c, w,f,y,g,x,e,d,v(path) Example of path is the way of bus direction from one destination to another destination. In other hand, simple path is a path that no complicated for example the direction from faculty of FTSM to faculty of FUU. Cycle Circle is a circular sequence of alternating vertices and edges. Each edges is preceded and followed by its endpoints. Simple cycle Simple cycle is a cycle such that all its vertices and edges are distinct. Cycle: u,c,w,e,x,g,f,w,d,v,a,u Simple cycle:v,b,x,g,y,f,w,c,u,a,v, Example of using cycle in life is when we travel to another place then come back to our home with using the different ways. Another example in ukm is the bus ways for example bus zone 2 will make a circle to take student and will come back to the initial location where the busy will take a rest. For simple cycle, we always see in sport, such as the court for athletes running especially in event of 400 * 100 meters. Then, we also can see in power plant program that is simple cycle power plant (pp) program. It gives much benefit such as optimized design, reduced engineering costs, short lead times, increase availability and fast startups also high operational flexibility. Connected Graph Connected graph is a graph that there exists a path between all pairs of vertices. If a graph is a directed graph, there exist a path between vertexes to each other that in the graph, is called as strongly connected graph. The examples of disconnected graphs: Example of using connected graph is use in building. For example Menara Berkembar Petronas, there is a bridge to connect the two buildings. Another example is the bridge of Pulau Pinang. First use to connect the island and peninsular Malaysia. Example of disconnected graph is other hand than connected graph. For example the building of one employee is not connected by bridge with another employee. Next, the Island of Sipadan is not connected by a bridge with Borneo land. An Euler path in a graph is a path which traverses each edge of the graph exactly once. An Euler cycle is an Euler path which is contains cycle. If there are no loop graphs, without isolated vertices, the continuation of an Euler path implies the connected of the graph, since traversing every edge of such a graph requires visiting each vertex at least once. But, when the connected graph has an Euler path, one can be constructed by applying Fleurys algorithm. A connected graph has an Euler path if it has exactly zero or two vertices of odd degree. If every vertex has even degree, the graph has an Euler cycle. The definition and properties of Euler paths, cycles and graphs are valid for multigraph as well. The seven bridge of Konigsberg In Konigsberg, Germany, a river ran through the city such that in its centre was an island, and after passing the island, the river broke into two parts. Seven bridges were built, so that the people of the city could get from one part to another part. A crude map of the centre of Konigsberg might look like this: The people wondered whether or not, one could walk around the city in a way that would involve crossing each bridge exactly once. Degree of vertex Term of degree of vertex in graph theory is the number of edges which connected to a vertex. Degree of vertex also known as local degree. The list of all degree of vertex is called as degree sequences. One way to find the number of vertex is count the number of degree for each vertex that endpoint. An easy way is draw a circle around the vertex and count the number of edges that cross the circle. The degree of vertex can be add or even. if the degree of vertex is even, it is known as degree vertex and the other hand, if the degree of vertex is odd, the vertex is called an odd vertex. To find out the degree of graph is by choose the largest degree of vertex. Example graph with have odd and even vertex: Example degree of vertex is application of roundabout because there are many roads that connected. Either the value is odd or even. The road can be representing as edges and the roundabout as the vertex. Another example is the number of use degree of vertex in electrical pole such as the number of wire connected to the one pole. Hamiltonian path: Hamiltonian path is also called as traceable path. Hamiltonian path is a path that visits each vertex exactly one and not repeated for each vertex in a graph. Hamiltonian graph us use to solve a problem when find a path that only visited each vertex only one in a graph. Hamiltonian cycle: Hamiltonian cycle is a cycle that goes through the entire city (vertex) only once for a graph. It cannot be repeated to reach a city for a one cycle except the starting and the ended city. Results of research and real world examples Graphs can be used to represent oil flow in pipes, traffic flow on motorways, transport of pollution by rivers, groundwater movement of contamination, biochemical pathways, and the underground network. The example of Euler path: There are many useful applications to Euler circuits and paths. Networks can be used to solve many difficult problems, like the Konigsberg Bridge problem. The can also used by mail carrier who wants to have a route where they do not retrace any of their previous steps. Other than that, Euler circuits and paths are also useful to painters, garbage collector, airplanes pilots and world navigators. Below are the examples of how Euler circuit and paths are useful in the real world. The maps that pilots use are called route maps. The route maps show the paths of the airplanes from one destination to another. Here is an example of actual route map. The centre for all travel with this airline is in Denver, Colorado. From there, we can travel to some of the major cities in the surrounding states. The Navigation below is a trip to see all different regions of the world. The above regions of the world have all been given different colors. Each region also has been given marked with a node or vertex and some (but not all) of the regions are connected with arcs. Conclusions and recommendations As the conclusion towards this particular project, the study of graphs and their properties is a classical subject in most computer science department around the world. Graph Theory can be further exploited by object-oriented software engineering, taking advantage of recent research in various fields. Other than that, Graph theory is one of the top reasons to learn linear Algebra. So, all graphs (included directed, weighted, and multi-graphs) can be represented intuitive by adjency matrices, and matrix operations often end up being meaningful in terms of graph they represent. Seeing the connection between a graph and its matrix helps to understand both of them, and being able to switch back and forth between mental models is often useful. For example, a person in many fields of modeling, are mostly easily thought of the weight graphs, and are most easily manipulated as matrices. By learning the entire graph, the student can get many benefits by it especially the computer science student. So, our recommendation towards this topic in order to make the student easy to learn and improve themselves are for example, ask the student to make a lot of exercise. Other than that, ask them to make an assignment about this topic. So that the student can search many information based on this topic and become more familiar and understand about graph theory

Of Mice And Men :: essays research papers

"A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Don’t matter no difference who the guy is, long’s he’s with you. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an’ he gets sick." A major theme in Steinbeck’s novella Of Mice and Men is loneliness. The characters Crooks, Candy and Curley’s wife each suffer from this although the severity of their seclusion varied. The old swapper, Candy was victimized by isolation as a result of two main factors, one being his disability and the other being his age. For example, throughout the book we find the farmhands out bucking the barley while Candy is left behind to sweep and clean the ranch. He lost his hand after getting it caught in a piece of machinery and as a result he is forced to stay behind. This being one of the major factors that leads to his loneliness. Furthermore, Candy’s age adds to his feeling of uselessness. Because he thinks that he is old he puts himself in a state of mind that handicaps him more than his missing hand ever will. He looks down on himself as an old worthless man that’s wasting away his last few years. Not only is it the way that others think of him but also the way he thinks of himself that forces him to find solitude. The most evident case of loneliness is Curley’s wife. No matter how hard she tried she couldn’t fit in. For example, when she tried numerous times to talk to George and Lenny she was either ignored or told to leave. Because of her reputation for being a flirt none of the farmhands wanted to talk to her. It was the threat of getting in trouble with Curley that caused many workers to avoid her. In addition, because of Curley’s insecure feelings he neglected her and forced her to seek attention anyway she could, even it meant flirting. She was ignored by both the farmhands and her own husband and because of this she was being forced into loneliness, the one thing she fought so hard against. Crooks is a black man tha t experiences isolation in terms of racism. For example, he is forced to live alone in the barn. Because the setting of this book takes place during the 1930’s discrimination sadly still existed. The farmhands feel that since he is black he isn’t worthy of living with the rest of them.

The Story Of The Hour Essay -- Literary Analysis, Kate Chopin

The Story Of The Hour, by Kate Chopin, is about woman who struggles with oppression brought on by her husband and her secret desire for freedom. Mrs. Mallard doesn’t know how truly unhappy she is until she is told that he has died in train accident. The story is limited to a third-person point of view, but is not short on drama thanks to the structure and style of Chopin’s writing. Her theme of oppression is reveled by the irony of the story, in which she discovers a sense of freedom quickly after her husbands death. Chopin uses symbolism to emphasis this newly found feeling. The main character Mrs. Louise Mallard is a very easy to relate to. The structure and style that Chopin uses in The Story Of The Hour, is used to exaggerate the drama of what is taking place. She uses very short paragraphs the majority being only two to or three sentences a piece. The story is about the hour after Louise find out her husband is dead. It bring us quickly from a state of morning to a place where she realizes that she is â€Å"free† from the bondage of her husband. The structure of the story is reflects the intensity of emotions she exhibits. The length of the story leaves no room for a drawn out exposition, we shoot quickly from the that to the climax and end just as quickly after that. There is a lot of repetition through out the story, which she uses to emphasize the importance of certain points she makes. The word â€Å"open† is repeatedly used through out the story, â€Å"open window†(69) , â€Å"open square†(69). â€Å"opened and spread her arms out†(69) and many more. She also repeats the word â€Å"free†, "Free! Body and soul free!" (69). She also repeats phrases such as â€Å"might be long† like when she says â€Å"She breathed a quick prayer that... ...esn’t seem to be a bad guy, he is the antagonist in the story. He is the character that keeps Mrs. Mallard from living the life she dreams about. It is the very presents of Mr. Mallard, that ends killing his wife. We can only speculate that it was the though of having to live the life she once lead was the real cause of Mrs. Mallards death. Though The Story Of An Hour is very short, it is very powerful. I imagine that there were many women in the 1800’s that wondered what life would be like if there husbands weren’t around. Though Mrs. Mallard is treated as if she is weak because of her heart condition, she is strong in character. I think that even women of today’s world can relate to this to this story in in some way, which is why it has with stood the test of time.

Mental Categorization and Development :: Psychology Jean Piaget Essays

Mental Categorization and Development Missing Works Cited Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, explained cognitive development in a way that may be useful in understanding the story of our story of evolution. He explained that in order to understand and function in our world, we organize thoughts and behaviors into systems, and are in a continual process of adapting our mental systems to better make sense of our surroundings. He calls these systems schemes and defines them as the basic building blocks of thinking, or tools for being able to mentally represent objects and events. They can be very simple like a scheme for throwing a ball, and get more complex like a scheme for playing baseball. Throughout development, new schemes arise and they become more organized to better make sense of the environment. Schemes become more complex and better organized through adaptation, which Piaget explains is a mixture of two different processes: assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation occurs when one makes sense of something in the environment by fitting it into an already established scheme. This may or may not work. For example, most things of similar body shape that swim in the water can be understood and fit into a fish scheme. However, when one encounters a whale, it may not fit into one ¡Ã‚ ¦s previous schemes, or what one understands to be a fish or a mammal. In that case, one has to accommodate, or change their schemes in order to make sense of new information. These processes most often don ¡Ã‚ ¦t occur in isolation, but are done together constantly to make sense of the world. In some situations, when the information we are getting from the environment is too complex, the information is left out entirely. As our understanding of the world expands, Piaget explains, it also divid es into categories. Expansion and fragmentation also seems to be a universal natural biological principal. Liquids and gases spread out to the boundaries of their containers, animals disperse on land, and humans have managed to explore even the uninhabitable territory of space. Animals often divide themselves into herds or flocks, while humans divide themselves into cultures, societies, and families. Expansion and division seem to be inherent and interconnected in other realms as well. The human constructs of religion and literature expand through time as they build on past stories. The more the wealth of knowledge, beliefs, and history expands, the more categories we define to separate them.

Balanced Scorecard Essay

The balance scorecard is used as a strategic planning and a management technique. It is widely used in many organizations, regardless of their scale, to align the organization’s performance to its vision and objectives. The scorecard is also used as a tool which improves the communication and feedback process between the employees and management, and to monitor performance of the organizational objectives. There are four different perspectives of balance scorecard which are financial performance, customer knowledge, internal business processes, and learning and growth. Each perspective represents a different aspect of the business organization in order to operate at optimal capacity. Financial perspective is about how does the firm look to shareholders. This is concerned with the shareholders view of performance. Shareholders are concerned with many aspects of financial performance. Amongst the measures of success are market share, revenue growth, profit ratio, return on investment, economic value added, return on capital employed and profitability. Customer perspective is about how do customers see the firm. This perspective focuses on the analysis of different types of customers, their degree of satisfaction and the processes used to deliver products and services to customers. Particular areas of focus would include customer service, customer retention and customer satisfaction. Internal perspective is about how well it manages its operational processes. This seeks to identify how well the business is performing, whether the products and services offered meet customer expectations, and the critical processes for satisfying both customers and shareholders. Learning and growth perspective is about can the firm continue to improve and create value? This perspective also examines how an organisation learns and grows. This perspective is concerned with issues such as can we continue to improve and create value? In which areas must the organisation improve? How can the company continue to improve and create value in the future? What should it be doing to make this happen? The concerns of balanced scorecard are long term with short term concerns, financial with non-financial concerns, and internal with external concerns.

This Emotional Life Summary

This video talked about how and why we need relationship with others through family, friend and the case of lovers. In the beginning of the video psychologist, Daniel Gilbert, states that successful relationship gives us happiness. Moreover it also led to our emotional well being. On the section of family, it focused on the attachment. Children have problem communicating and building relationship, in most of the time, are lack of the love. Especially from the mother or care givers. When the period of crying and learning the surroundings, they have learned that they were not being pay attention. Also there is no one to protect and comfort them. Oxytocin a hormone plays an important role in social relationship because it helps format the attachment. In other words, to form a close relationship such as friends and parents it is necessary to create that hormone. The experiment between adopted and natural mother-child had shown that natural mother-child’s oxytocin increased. However the adopted one didn’t. It also mentioned that it is not only the child that gets influenced by, but also the parents too. By experimenting where mothers’ brain work by seeing their child’s emotions, stated that the part of â€Å"need to pay attention† have worked actively. On the next section about the friend, it focused on communication. People gets stress when they feel lonely which would led to hart disease, diabetes, accidents, and suicide.

NCLEX-PN

These are signs of pregnancy. Presumptive Which are classified as probable signs of pregnancy? Uterine enlargement Hegiras sign, positive pregnancy test A patient can be told that she is definitely pregnant when she has: Fetal heart sounds A woman calls the clinic to report that she had a positive home pregnancy test and asks hobby relax these are. The nurse's most appropriate response Is: Accuracy Is very high if the test instructions are followed exactly The laboratory test used to confirm pregnancy measures: HAG The mother's first recognition of fetal movements is referred to as: QuickeningWhich change Is related to Increased progesterone levels? Deepening of the voice Which of the following is the cause of Loris's in pregnancy? As the uterus enlarges the center of gravity shifts, causing the women to lean back Which finding In a pregnant patient would require further assessment by the nurse? Blood pressure of 150/92 A patient in her third trimester of pregnancy complains of dizzi ness and faintness when she lies on her back. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate? To improve the symptoms, lie on your left side have been very careful to take iron tablets and to eat a balanced diet.The nurse's most appropriate response is: During pregnancy, the fluid portion of your blood increases, which dilutes your red blood cells Changes in the gastrointestinal system during pregnancy include: Increased saliva production One cause of frequent urination during pregnancy is: pressure of the gravid uterus on the bladder Melancholy-stimulating hormone (MS) is responsible for which of the following signs of pregnancy? Lineal Niagara A woman in her second trimester of pregnancy smiles and pats her abdomen when she feels the baby move.She expresses a wish for a beautiful little girl and often alas about the baby in positive terms. These behaviors illustrate which developmental task of pregnancy? Fetal Distinction A woman who is 36 weeks pregnant tells the clinic nurse t hat she is considering taking ibuprofen for her back pain and muscle cramps. The nurse's best response is: Taking that medication could cause your baby to experience distress BC of premature changes in its cardiovascular system Which hormone stimulates uterine contractions and the milk ejection reflex in breastfeeding?Extinction A patient tells the nurse that she is worried because her partner does not seem interested in the pregnancy. Which response by the nurse would be the most appropriate? Your partner will go through stages of adjustment to fatherhood The nurse is interviewing a woman in the clinic who thinks she might be pregnant. Which are presumptive signs of pregnancy? Amenorrhea Fatigue Breast tenderness A pregnant woman has three living children, one single and one twin birth, one preterm birth, and no abortions.According to CATALPA, the nurse would record her pregnancy history as . 421031 A nurse is discussing preconception care with a group of women. She tells them that en purpose of preconception care is to: encourage healthy lifestyles The nurse is interviewing a woman during her first prenatal clinic visit. When the Blood samples will not be taken to test for conditions that could affect your pregnancy On her fourth prenatal visit, a patient asks why urine tests are done on every visit.The most appropriate response is: We are testing for diabetes, which sometimes develops during pregnancy The purpose of Loophole's maneuvers is to determine: The presentation and position of the fetus One purpose of ultrasound imaging during pregnancy is to: Rule out fetal abnormalities Compared with amniocentesis, chronic villous sampling: Can be done earlier in A diagnostic test of the amniotic fluid to determine whether the fetus is likely to develop respiratory distress is: Lecithin/spellbinding ratio (LIST ratio) An elevated alpha-footprint (APP) level is consistent with: Neural tube defects The biophysical profile (BP) uses five observations, including: Gro ss body movements During a nonstarters test (NEST), a monitor records fetal heart rate when the mother senses fetal movement.This test is used to assess: Fetal oxygenation and autonomic function Which statement correctly describes the contraction stress test (COST)? Uterine contractions must be induced. To prepare a woman for a contraction stress test using nipple stimulation, an appropriate instruction would be to: Brush your palm across the nipple of one breast for 2 to 3 minutes. A common discomfort in the first trimester of pregnancy is: Lakehurst On her second prenatal visit, a woman states that she feels like she needs to urinate â€Å"all the time, even during the night. † She says she has reduced her fluid intake to control this problem. The nurse should tell her to: â€Å"Drink more fluids during the day ND less in the evening. A teaching plan for self-care during pregnancy should include that: Hot tubs should be avoided because increased body temperature decreases placental blood To minimize heartburn, the pregnant patient should: Sit up for 30 minutes after eating. A woman in her third trimester is troubled by frequent leg cramps. Which measure would the nurse suggest to relieve the cramps? Stand with the feet flat on the floor when cramps occur. Self-care instruction for a pregnant woman to lessen backache should include: Wearing low-heeled shoes Wearing low-heeled shoes For a healthy pregnancy outcome, the recommended eight gain during pregnancy is: 1. 4 to 1. 8 keg(3 to 4 lbs) each month in the first trimester, then 0. keg(l lb) per week for a total of 11 to 16 keg(25 to 35 lbs) Fetal weight increases most during the: Third trimester To prevent supine hypertensive syndrome and to promote fetal perfusion during pregnancy, the teaching plan should include: Lying on the left side Self-care instruction for a pregnant woman often includes the pelvic rocking exercise, which helps: Relieve lower back pain Self-care instructions for a pregnant wo man should include: Not wearing knee-high stockings Which factor is likely to contribute to the formation of varicose veins during pregnancy? Constipation In a prenatal class, one woman tells the nurse that she is a vegetarian and asks whether this poses a problem in relation to her pregnancy.The nurse's most appropriate response is: minor care provider may order supplemental vitamins and calcium. † The nurse explains to a pregnant woman who does not like milk that other foods are good sources of calcium, such as: Green, leafy vegetables and tofu Pregnant women need increased vitamin A for fetal cell development, bone growth, ND tooth formation. One food that is high in vitamin A is: Carrots A pregnant woman should be instructed that good sources of iron are: broccoli and liver substituted for nutritious foods. Which statement by the nurse reflects the current philosophy of childbirth education? â€Å"l will tell you about your options for pain management so you can make a ch oice. Relaxation exercises, focusing, imagery, and flagrance are taught in childbirth education because they:: Are helpful in pain management during labor. The basic breathing patterns recommended during the first stage of labor include reheating. Modified-paced An exercise that strengthens perinea muscle tone and elasticity is the: Keel exercise Which sign should a pregnant woman report to her health care provider immediately? Angina Pain Which individual is at greatest risk for a high-risk pregnancy? A 15-year-old who is a vegetarian The assumption that all people of a particular culture think and behave in the same way is known as: Cultural stereotyping The pregnant woman asks why she should not receive a rubella virus immunization until after delivery.Which response would be the most appropriate? â€Å"Live virus canines have a high risk of iatrogenic effects. † A nurse is explaining nonstarters testing to expectant parents. Which statement indicates that further teaching is necessary? â€Å"A reactive nonstarters test means that further assessment will be required. † At a prenatal visit, the patient discusses her vegetarian diet with the nurse and states that she does not feel her diet includes enough protein. Which food(s) should the nurse suggest she add to her diet? Peanut butter Cottage cheese Eggs Amniocentesis is one diagnostic tool used to assess fetal health and well-being, and it is used for what reason(s)?Assessment of a genetic disorder Determining alpha-footprint levels Assessment of fetal lung maturity Chapter 13 One of the frequent causes of bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy is: Spontaneous abortion Causes of spontaneous abortion can include: Acute maternal infection A woman in her first trimester of pregnancy comes to the emergency department with moderate vaginal bleeding. She reports having had cramps earlier but has none now. This description is typical of a(n) abortion. Threatened Which statement is true of octopi pregnancy? The fertilized ovum is implanted outside of the uterus. After surgery for a hydrofoil mole, the woman should be advised that: She must have periodic blood studies and ultrasounds to monitor for coordination.A woman in the third trimester of pregnancy presents to the emergency department with complaints of bright red vaginal bleeding. The nurse immediately suspects: Placenta Preview The nurse recognizes that digital vaginal examinations are contraindicated in pregnant women who are bleeding because: The examination may cause severe hemorrhage Which pregnant woman would the nurse suspect of having placenta preview? A Arvada 3, Para 2 in her twenty-eighth week of gestation who reports painless vaginal bleeding and whose blood pressure is 116/78 mm Hag Which scenario suggests abrupt placental? Tender, rigid uterus in the last trimester What complication should be suspected in the patient who has experienced abrupt placental, hydrofoil mole, or a retained dead fetus?Dis seminated intramuscular coagulation A woman with Re-negative blood is administered Aerogram following an abortion to prevent: Summarization in the mother The most typical signs and symptoms of gestational hypertension include: Proteins and hypertension The teaching plan for a woman with mild gestational hypertension who is being managed at home should include: Resting frequently and lying on the left side Before administering magnesium sulfate to a woman with severe gestational withhold the drug? Urinary output 20 murmur The pregnant patient is given magnesium sulfate. The drug has been effective if: Seizure activity is absent. What is the difference between proclaims and clamps?The central nervous system is involved with clamps but not with proclaims. Which factor places the pregnant woman at risk for thermoelectric disease? Even VA compression A pregnant woman who has been hospitalized for deep vein thrombosis (DTV) suddenly complains of difficulty breathing and chest pain. Her he art rate is 120 beats/minute. The nurse should suspect what complication? Pulmonary embolism The nurse recognizes that the primary effect of pregnancy on a woman with a preexisting heart disease is: The workload of the heart is greatly increased. When a woman with heart disease becomes pregnant, what precautions will the nurse advise her to take? â€Å"Immediately report dyspepsia, fatigue, or edema. The nurse is counseling a prenatal patient on nutrition. He notes that her health care provider has ordered 300 MGM of ferrous sulfate each day. What patient teaching is indicated? Inform stools will be dark and sticky when you are taking iron. † Hyperemia gravitated is: Persistent, severe vomiting during pregnancy The effect of pregnancy on glucose metabolism is to: Antagonize insulin, which causes serum glucose to rise. During the first trimester of pregnancy, the patient with presentational diabetes usually requires: Less insulin than before her pregnancy A pregnant woman has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes. She asks the nurse whether that means she will have to take insulin.The nurse's best response is: â€Å"Some women need insulin, but you may be able to control your diabetes with diet. † A maternal complication that can result from diabetes mellitus is: Hydrations A woman asks the nurse why she should take precautions against getting rubella if she thinks she might be pregnant. The nurse explains that the occurrence of maternal rubella during the first 4 weeks of pregnancy could lead to which fetal malformations? Cataracts, cardiac defects, and deafness of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and cocaine can cause fetal growth retardation. During an assessment of an infant born to an intravenous drug abuser, the nurse should recognize which sign(s) and/or symptom(s) as indicative of drug withdrawal?Tremor and hyperactive reflexes What information will the nurse give to a pregnant woman with heart disease regarding her second stage of labor? S he will not be able to have any anesthesia. A woman with heart disease has delivered and is now in the postpartum unit. When caring for this woman, the nurse recognizes that: Major circulatory readjustment in the postpartum period may cause heart failure even 4 or 5 days postpartum The nurse has been teaching a pregnant woman at 32 weeks' gestation about signs and symptoms of gestational hypertension and potential warning signs of possible complications. The nurse recognizes the need for further teaching when the woman â€Å"If I have a headache, I will take some acetaminophen. States: A woman with severe gestational hypertension is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for further intervention? Absent deep tendon reflexes A nurse is caring for a woman who has been hypertensive since her thirty-fourth eek of gestation. Assessment findings include urine protein +3, platelet count 95,000 mm, and elevated EAS T and ALT levels. The nurse should suspect the development of which of the following? HELP syndrome A newly delivered woman who was treated for proclaims during labor says to the nurse, â€Å"Why are you still checking my blood pressure, reflexes, respirations, and urine so often?I thought delivery of my baby would take care of the problem. † The most appropriate response would be: Mimi are still at risk for seizures for the first forty- eight hours after birth. † The patient asks why she has been having urinary tract infections (It's) more frequently since becoming pregnant. The nurse explains that which of the following factor(s) predispose(s) the pregnant patient to It's? Compression of the Reuters Decreased urine flow to the bladder Relaxation of the bladder muscle Gloriously favoring bacterial growth birth because of abrupt placental. The nurse recognizes that she must be alert for which sign(s) and/or symptom(s)?Bleeding gums Bleeding from injection sites Apostasi es Dry skin The nurse recognizes that parents who suffer a perennial loss will often exhibit which f the following behaviors? Denial Anger Acceptance Euphoria Chapter 20 The pain associated with endometriosis is caused by: Monthly bleeding of extraction endometrial tissue Which statement is true of toxic shock syndrome? Rash fever and flu-like symptoms are typical Women who experience premenstrual syndrome (MS), also known as ovarian cycle syndrome, should be advised that: Strategies that help manage stress may reduce symptoms. The physical changes of menopause are the result of: Lowered estrogen level A class for older women focuses on prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. One Oman asks how to tell if she is at risk for osteoporosis.

Orhan Pamuk vs. Virginia Woolf

Virginia Woolf vs. Orhan Pamuk Aykut Can TURKMEN Petroleum – Gas University of Ploiesti Abstract: The aim of this paper is to compare and indicate the affect of â€Å"stream of consciousness†. Moreover, I tried to show the (dis)similarities between these two important writers. In this paper, for Orhan Pamuk, I focused on the novel which is called â€Å"Sessiz Ev (Silent House)†. Key words: stream of consciousness, omniscient point of view, third person narration, impact of the time, lives’ reflections and individuality. The usage of Stream of Consciousness Stream of consciousness was used by these two writers perfectly.In the novel of Virginia Woolf, â€Å"The Waves† and in the novel of Orhan Pamuk, â€Å"Sessiz Ev (Silent House)†, there are plenty of examples in these books. For â€Å"Sessiz Ev†, at the beginning of the book a character’s consciousness, called Recep, is transmitted without details and the descriptions by Orhan Pamuk. Pamuk wanted the readers to have fun and to see the consciousness of a person ironically. As in the essay of Virginia Woolf â€Å"Modern Fiction† she describes life as an incessant shower of innumerable atoms and also she indicates that a modern writer must record the atoms as they fall upon the mind in which they fall.This thought helps us to explain stream of consciousness. Pamuk shared the same idea with Woolf. Pamuk preferred to give an impression to the reader rather than summarizing what the character see, think and do or reporting from the outside in clear sentences like Virginia Woolf. In â€Å"The Waves†, Woolf is trying to give a more realistic picture of psychology than had ever before been presented in fiction. She was the most important writer for the fiction and for the stream of consciousness. Stream of consciousness is the most important technique was used by Woolf to approach her works such as The Waves.The Impact of the Lives & Time in the nove ls The novels are the reflections of the writers’ lives mostly. For these two novels, Sessiz Ev and The Waves, I can say that Woolf and Pamuk wrote their own lives but fiction. Pamuk said that he had written his own life and the characters were his steps on the life. Woolf also reflected her life to her novel, The Waves. She also wrote her experiences with the help of her own characters in the book. While â€Å"The Waves† was taking place in one day and the all steps of one day, â€Å"Sessiz Ev† took place in one week.This means that Pamuk used the time undetailed but Woolf used the time so detailed. Woolf used the time like a life and each step of the day is the part of a life. For example, the beginning of the novel is early morning and this time of the day represents the childhood. But Pamuk doesn’t do this he prefers to use the time long. Pamuk uses the time with the clock but Woolf doesn’t use the time as it is. In â€Å"Sessiz Ev† ther e is many examples like â€Å"It’s ten to eleven†, â€Å"It’s nine† and â€Å"It’s five past nine†. In â€Å"The Waves†, Woolf doesn’t do as Pamuk does.She prefers to say the time by descriptions rather than saying the time directly. Woolf describes nature at the beginning of each part of the book. They are called as interludes. These interludes help the reader to understand the time and the step of the day and life. She uses the words to say the time like: â€Å"sunrise†, â€Å"noon†, â€Å"evening†, â€Å"night† and â€Å"midnight†. The individuality is another most important point for Woolf. Woolf uses â€Å"individual† peculiarly in The Waves. Rhoda claims to â€Å"hate all details of the individual life† and later says, â€Å"I must go through the antics of the individual.I must start when you pluck at me with your children, your poems, your chilblains or whatever it is you do and suffer. But I’m not deluded. † She showed us her thought about individuality with these sentences. She uses the word â€Å"individuality† to signify the mundane and trivial concerns of life rather than originality. Woolf persistently identifies her characters all together throughout The Waves in a manner that is consistently collectivized rather than realistic, and the six friends become facets of personalities and visions of the world before and beyond any existence as people.Woolf explains in one letter the characters’ duty in the book like; â€Å"The six characters were supposed to be one. I’m getting old myself – I shall be fifty next year; and I come to feel more and more how difficult it is to collect oneself into one Virginia; even though the special Virginia in whose body I live for the moment is violently susceptible to all sorts of separate feelings. Therefore, I wanted to give the sense of continuity† (Letters IV, 39 7) Here, with the help of the letter from Woolf, I can say that the book was totally about herself and her experiences in her life.While Pamuk is telling 1980s in Turkey, he tells plenty of stories based on his own stories. He gives examples from his past and his own family’s past while writing this book. The Point of View, Narration and Symbol Third person narration is the most used mode in the 20th century. Woolf and Pamuk used the third person narration in these two novels. Because of the affect of stream of consciousness they used omniscient point of view, because the best way to show the conscious was the third person narration. Third person narrators are usually omniscient- stand outside of the events and they appear under the form of narrating voice.The omniscient has unlimited knowledge. That’s why they are highly reliable and very significant. They have privilege access to the character’s inner thoughts and feelings. In these two novels, there are many narrators, five in â€Å"Sessiz Ev† and six in â€Å"The Waves†. The writers used this kind of narration to preserve the subjectivity. Subjectivity was the one of the most important point in 20th century. Each character tells their own story and this affects the point of view of the books. A new point of view, which lets each character speak, is one of the most important aspects for the readers.When the readers see that each character says the things about themselves on their own, the readers like it, because this shows the equality and the individuality to them. They take an advantage to criticize the characters and to make empathy. Pamuk wanted the readers to criticize them and to find something in the book belong to them. He gave many examples from his life and he wanted the readers to compare with theirs. This was a good method to impress the readers. The waves are the most important symbol in â€Å"The Waves†.When the characters/narrators are children, the fist thing that they hear in the morning is the sound of the waves. From that point the waves became the background noise of their day. Then, they were used as the passage of the time. The Apple Tree, is also a symbol in the book, echoes the apple tree from the Book of Genesis in the Bible, the fruit of which led Adam and Eve to knowledge and expulsion from Eden. Commentary In my opinion, both The Waves and Sessiz Ev are good examples to 20th century. They were so impressive books and well-written books.I expected the same things from the books but they shocked me. For example; I waited the grandmother from Sessiz Ev to die, but she didn’t. In stead of her Nilgun died. Grandmother is totally tradition and narrow minded person. She realised anything and this was so bad situation for me. Her black heart made me angry to her. I think the thing that Orhan Pamuk expected was this. I mean to make the reader comment and criticize the characters. I liked The Waves better than the Ses siz Ev, because it has the all aspects of the modernism. There were some traditions in the book but it was pretty little.Pamuk created a kind of bridge between 20th and the 21st centuries. I found a lot of same things in my life, but I don’t like finding something in the book from my life. Maybe, the descriptions are so important for the writers but this is also a tradition for me. I didn’t like the descriptions part of these two books. For example; I liked the part which the dwarf takes place at the beginning. He goes to cinema. When the movie ends he tells the movie in six lines (in Turkish). That’s what I liked in the book, summarizing the event, movie or the life itself†¦

Why students should stay in college and graduate Essay

Why students should stay in college and graduate - Essay Example e know that in the coming years, jobs requiring a college degree are projected to grow twice as fast as jobs requiring no college experience," Obama said. "We will not fill those jobs or even keep those jobs here in America without the training offered by colleges." Statistical research also demonstrates that a person who goes to college usually earns more than a person who doesn’t, as median earnings for full-time workers more than 25 years old increased by over $20,000 for people who have college degrees vs. those who only have a high school diploma. Considering these facts, the necessity for students to stay in and graduate from college is imperative. Even with statistical research clearly demonstrating the need for students to stay in and graduate from college, the opportunity for increased quality of life cannot be underestimated. In my own life, I can see the challenges my father has faced. Since he lacked a college degree his career options were limited and needed to work many labor intensive jobs, including construction, to become financially established. His situation can be contrasted with that of my mother who attained a Bachelor of Arts Degree. She was able to attain a position as a teacher and make a comparable salary to my father with less and arguably more rewarding work. While a college degree clearly offers increased career and salary options, it also is a chance to achieve personal betterment. Through the college experience students gain knowledge about the world that can help them find greater appreciation in art and culture. The opportunity to be exposed to and learn about unique cultures makes one more open-minded and accepting of different people and ideas. In conclusion, the necessity to attend and graduate from college is overwhelmingly clear. Statistical research demonstrates that people will college degrees have increased earning potential. Graduating from college also affords the chance to find a less strenuous and more fulfilling

Journal questions Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Leader that I admire ( Jesus Christ ) Scholarship Essay

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Business Research Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Research Report - Essay Example Introduction to sector There is high specialization in services delivered in air travel, a feature that distinct the industry from other forms of service delivery. The achievement of sustainable economic advantage by a firm in the industry defines the ‘for profit’ strategic management. It involves proper evaluation and planning of a firm’s context of industry (the environment) as well as the creation of a viable sustainable competitive differentiation for the survival and profitability of the business. Qantas Company has enjoyed dominance due to the strategic niche it occupies having already well established itself in the aviation industry over years (Morton, 22). The Qantas operates within the transport service industry with her main areas of operations being in offering freights services both locally within Australia and internationally. Qantas company survival and dominance within the air transport industry lean on the strategic factors acting as barriers to en try, which restricts other firms from entering in the industry. These include the high capital base requirement in order to venture into the industry, relatively low fares which do not warrant survival for a new entrant to the industry and the overall effect of her operation as a dominant player in this industry. Research question The management of the firm must have and apply the most appropriate business strategies that would help the business in the competitive industry. In this study therefore, the management requires an appropriate mechanism, through which the strategy of customer loyalty and CSR can be applied within the industry for the purpose of effectiveness and efficiency in performance. Therefore, this research study intends to answer the following question: what favorable CSR and loyalty strategy should the organization in aviation industry (Qantas) employ for profitability and improved performance? Evaluation Current Organizational Performance In this analysis, we anal yze Qantas, which is an Australian air travel company, which specializes not only on local flights but also in international carriage (Anon para 1-3). In her own vision, Qantas intends to become the Australia’s best business in the future and compete favorably in the international scene. Political influences in the operations of the company in the industry oversaw her privatization since 1995, and ever since have seen the company run profitably until the recent challenge posed at the international environment, which saw a decline in her profitability. The international scene has seen the emergence of new cheaper airlines within the Asian region, which poses a great threat to the company. Moreover, the fall of profitability in international operations of the company has been another cause of alarm to the macro-economic environment of the Qantas airline. The global economic crisis of the period around 2008 oversaw the shaking of the Qantas profitability through the inflation of the Australian currency, which affected the tourism and the business travel within the country. Qantas VRIO model analysis: The VRIO model as a tool of business analysis is adopted to show what firm resources, and capabilities drive sustainable competitive advantage of the particular firm in the context of competition with the rival groups (â€Å"

Market prices, Valuation Principle, Net present Value, interest rates, Essay - 4

Market prices, Valuation Principle, Net present Value, interest rates, and bonds - Essay Example For several reasons investor would be interested in periodically checking value of actual return on investment, primary reason has to do with stability of portfolio itself. If the overall rate of return is low or is likely to decrease, it signals that diversification in investment types would be needed. Despite diversification, loss in return on investment indicates that one or more investment types are composed of higher percentage of total investment than desired. In both cases, lower than expected value of realized return can convince investor to make changes in order to avoid incurring further losses. Systematic risks are fluctuations in stock’s return due to factors beyond market control and it can not be eliminated through diversification. Systematic or non-diversifiable risk is a common risk affecting all stock; causes include wars, inflation, political events and international incidents. Risk free rate of return is used to compensate this risk type. On contrary, unsystematic risks are fluctuations of stock’s return associated with random causes that can be eliminated through portfolio diversification. Unsystematic or diversifiable risk is a firm-specific risk, contributing factors include lawsuits, strikes or regulatory actions and market risk premium is used to compensate such risk. Total risk of portfolio is not simply equal to the weighted average of the risk of individual securities in the portfolio because of continuous diversification. Such diversification reduces portfolio’s total risk though all risks cannot be diversified. Risk factors (economic conditions, interest rates) of all stocks, bonds, securities are almost same and cannot be eliminated, whereas investors can eliminate systematic risk to some extent by portfolio diversification. Addition of more securities drops down unsystematic risk, until total risk approaches to systematic risk. The fact that diversification is

Enviromental science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Enviromental science - Research Paper Example The property management company should institute a no smoking policy if they do not have one in place as tobacco smoke is a source of elevated CO. That may lead the property management company to find that the building is in good working order and the real culprit is the tenant use of tobacco. Moeller (2005) 124 2 12 - 16 Removing the mold would be the next priority. The health risks from mold, whether visible or not would be watery eyes, runny nose, sneezing, itching, coughing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, headache, and fatigue. This is problematic because of the high humidity. The property manager could not force the tenants to run the air conditioning all the time. Air conditioning is an easy way (albeit expensive) method to clean the air coming into a person’s home and lower the humidity. If the mold is causing damage to the unit however, the property management co. could hold the tenant responsible for mold damage and hold the damage deposit or charge damages or an ass essment such as with a townhouse or an apartment. Moeller (2005) 121 N/A 1 Elevated radon levels would be the final priority. Radon gas is undetectable and can go undetected for some time, which makes it no less dangerous. Radon has been shown to cause some lung cancers. Many cities now have building codes that enforce radon detection systems and the property management company would be responsible for this system. The source of elevated Radon is uranium and that would concern the residents if made aware of the information. The information could go public and that would not be good for the property management company. Moeller (2005) 124 2 12 - 16 The reason for placing these hazards in this order of removal or focus is that carbon dioxide affects the residents’ mental faculties and could cause immediate health concerns and/or death of a tenant. This is the most urgent issue. If a tenant because dizzy or weak at an inopportune time they could fall down a flight of stairs, as a n example, or fall asleep with a cigarette, etc.. The mold would be the next priority due to Moeller (2005) statements on Mold and Radon. He states that â€Å"In contrast to radon, the presence of mold can rapidly lead to unpleasant reactions, particularly among those people who have allergies and/or asthma. Since mold requires moisture to grow, it can be controlled by repairing leaks in the plumbing system, installing drainage systems to transport water away from areas near a building, replacing any portions that are water damaged, and/or using air conditioners or dehumidifiers to reduce indoor humidity† (p. 122). These mechanical repairs would be visible and would generate health benefits immediately. They would stop the excess humidity. Moeller (2005) 122 N/A 7 - 26 Housing Scenario Number: __2__ (Answer Sheet) Your Response Course Assigned Reading Source Page(s) Column (if applicable) Line(s) Potential environmental hazards are numerous and include: the homeless living on the streets, in shelters, in cars, buses, or trains. Other environmental hazards are homeless camps, and lack of toilet facilities. Donohoe (2004) 1 N/A 32 Health risks have been shown to be much higher for the homeless. TB, HIV, mental illness, and physical illnesses. Kerker et al. (2011) Shelton et al. (2009) 546 465 1 2 3 –